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NEAR-Shoemaker Successfully Lands on asteroid EROS
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The Near Earth
Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) Shoemaker spacecraft successfully
touched down on asteroid (433) Eros at 2005 UTC (12:05 p.m. PST)
on February 12. Before landing on the asteroid, the spacecraft
transmitted very high resolution pictures of the asteroid. The
spacecraft snapped dozens of pictures in its final hour, the
closest only several hundred meters (yards) away. Calculations
made after the landing show the spacecraft impacted the surface at
a speed of 1.5 to 1.8 m/sec (about 3 1/2 mph). There is still a
signal, although relatively weak.
The NEAR
Shoemaker spacecraft, was built and operated for NASA by the Johns
Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Md. The
spacecraft was launched as NEAR on Feb. 17, 1996. The spacecraft made
successful flybys of asteroid (243) Mathilde on June 27, 1997 and
asteroid (433) Eros on December 23, 1998. The spacecraft returned
to asteroid Eros and on February 14, 2000 the spacecraft went into
orbit around Eros. Beginning with an orbit of about 320 x 366 km
above Eros, a series of maneuvers put the spacecraft in lower and
lower orbits and during the summer of 2000, the spacecraft spent
several weeks in a near circular orbit of only 35 km from the
center of Eros. As a tribute to Gene Shoemaker
NASA renamed the NEAR spacecraft on March 14, 2000 to NEAR
Shoemaker.
The
projected total mission cost is US$224.1 million, including
US$124.9 million for spacecraft development, US$44.6 million for
launch support and tracking, and US$54.6 million for mission
operations and data analysis. Johns
Hopkins returned about US$3 million to NASA.
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